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Brainstem


Location

In the lower floor of the cranial box is the brainstem, formed from top to bottom = craniocerebral from the following structures - the midbrain, bridge and spinal bulb. Between the three floors, the boundaries are visible only on the face anterior, at the level of two grooves: the bulb-pontine groove and the pontopeduncular groove The dorsal face of the brainstem can be seen only after the removal of the cerebellum - looks like a longitudinal column

SN


Structure

    • Gray matter inside, fragmented into nerve nuclei

      • Motors are the nuclei of origin, IN, of motor cranial nerves or motor fibers in the composition of mixed cranial nerves, constituting their real origin (RO)
      • Sensitive are the terminal nuclei, II N (first synaptic station) for the sensory fibers of the cranial nerves. They contain second-order neurons (deutoneurons) of various pathways of sensitivity in the head.
      • The parasympathetic vegetative nuclei together form the cranial parasympathetic. It is the real origin of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers that accompany the cranial nerves (pair III, VII, IX and X).
      • - the own nuclei of the brainstem (they have no equivalent in the spinal cord) intervene mainly in the coordination of automatic, involuntary motility and are part of the extrapyramidal system.